Aorta

This review summarizes the current understanding of the mechanobiological functions of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and proteoglycans (PGs) in the normal aortic wall, as well as their potential impact on aortic diseases such as aneurysms and dissections. We identify knowledge gaps and propose paths of inquiry in hopes of ultimately enhancing the accuracy of mathematical models of aortic mechanics, and furthering clinical guidelines and standard of care. Specifically, we describe the swelling of GAGs/PGs and discuss their potential contributions to residual stresses and aortic stiffness. We also underscore different potential roles they may play in thoracic aortic aneurysm and abdominal aortic aneurysm. read more