IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering contains basic and applied papers dealing with biomedical engineering. Papers range from engineering development in methods and techniques with biomedical applications to experimental and clinical investigations with engineering contributions.
Short burst, phase keying (SBPK) is a clinically relevant pulse scheme for focused ultrasound delivery to the spinal canal. We demonstrate that emissions from microbubbles exposed to these pulses can be detected through ex vivo human vertebrae, and that SBPK exposures can open the blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) in rats. Microbubbles were sonicated through ex vivo vertebrae and emissions were analyzed using short time Fourier analysis. Pulses were modified to include pulse inversion, which enhanced detection of acoustic signatures. In rats, opening was confirmed by MRI enhancement. Detection of the subharmonic was linked to tissue damage observed at histology...
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